What is a pick-and-carry lift with a crane?

Pick-and-carry is a specialized lifting technique used primarily with rough-terrain and all-terrain cranes where the crane picks up a load and moves it horizontally by driving the machine to the destination rather than swinging the boom. This approach can be more efficient than repeatedly repositioning the crane for short horizontal moves, particularly on rough-terrain job sites where setting outriggers repeatedly would be time-consuming. However, pick-and-carry operations carry unique risks that require specific planning and the use of the correct load chart column.

The Traveling-with-Load Load Chart Column

The load chart for a crane approved for pick-and-carry operations contains a separate section or column specifically for traveling with a suspended load. The rated capacities in this section are substantially lower than the stationary outrigger capacity values, sometimes by 50% or more. This reduction reflects the dynamic forces introduced by traveling: tire deflection, ground undulations, stopping and starting forces, and the potential for the load to swing during travel all generate forces not present in a stationary lift. Using the stationary outrigger capacity values during a pick-and-carry operation is a critical error that can result in tipping.

Not all mobile cranes are approved for pick-and-carry operations. The crane's operating manual and the load chart must explicitly include a traveling-with-load section. If no such section exists, the manufacturer has not certified the crane for pick-and-carry, and the operation is not permitted. The operator must verify before planning a pick-and-carry lift that the specific crane model includes an approved traveling-with-load chart.

Operational Requirements

Pick-and-carry operations require the load to be carried at the lowest practical height, typically just clearing the ground, to minimize the pendulum effect during travel. The travel path must be evaluated for surface condition, slope, and obstructions. Slopes during pick-and-carry can dramatically affect load swing and crane stability. Side slopes are particularly hazardous because they shift the crane's center of gravity laterally. ASME B30.5 addresses pick-and-carry requirements, including specific limitations on travel speed, boom position, and permissible slopes.

Ground Conditions and Travel Path Planning

The travel path must be free of ground hazards including soft spots, ruts, holes, underground utilities at risk of collapse, and abrupt grade changes. A loaded crane traveling over an unexpected ground depression can cause the load to swing violently and shift the crane's center of gravity beyond the tipping threshold. The lift director and operator must walk the travel path before the pick-and-carry operation and address any ground condition concerns before the load is picked. On commercial construction sites, coordinating the travel path with the project superintendent is required to clear other trades and equipment from the path before travel begins.